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Quantifiers

   Few denotes number and is followed by the plural number. There were no fewer than fifty men there.    Little denotes quantity and is generally followed by the singular. Give me a little more time.    Few is opposed to many, it has a negative force meaning almost none. Few men are free from faults.    A few is opposed to none and means some. I need a few men here.    The few has a double force, one negative and the other positive. It means not many but all that there are. The few friends I had, left me.    Not a few means a pretty large number. He gave me not a few cakes.    Little has a negative force, meaning almost nothing. I care little for him.    A little has an affirmative force and means a small quantity. I am a little tired.    The little has a double force, means not much but all that there are. The little hope I had, is gone.    Not a little means ...

Figures of Speech

      Figure of speech is the deviation from the ordinary use of words to increase the effect. There are many figures of speech in English, only a few of them are given below.        The Simile is a direct and explicit comparison, usually expressed by as, like etc., the Metaphor is only an implied comparison. He is as fierce as a tiger. (Simile) He is a tiger. (Metaphor)       Synecdoche denotes the whole thing by one of its parts or vice versa. I want two more hands (men). Gold and silver (riches) I have none. Long live His Majesty (King).      Personification is the way to treat inanimate things and abstract ideas as living persons. Apostrophe is also a kind of personification which in addition denotes some absent person as if he were present. The thirsty earth soaks up the rain. (Personification) O solitude! Where are thy charms? (Apostrophe)      T...

Old English manuscripts

  It is certain that only a portion of Old English poetry has survived, though it would appear likely that the surviving portion is representative. The manuscripts in which the poetry is preserved are late in date, are unique and are four in number.    They are (a) the Beowulf MS. (Cotton Vitellius A. XV in the British Museum), containing Beowulf and Judith and is to be dated c. 1000; (b) the Junius MS. (MS. Junius XI in the Bodleian Library, Oxford), so called since it belong to Junius, librarian to Lord Arundel, and was first printed by him in 1655. It contains the so called Caedmonian poems; (c) the Exeter Book (in the Chapter Library of Exeter Cathedral), known to have been donated to that Cathedral by Bishop Leofric c. 1050, containing two of the signed poems of Cynewulf; and (d) the Vercelli Book (in the Cathedral Library at Vercelli near Milan), containing also two of the signed poems of Cynewulf (including Elene ) and Andres and The Dream of the Rood. ...

The origin and growth of English

English was not that original language of England. It was first brought to England in the 5th and 6th centuries A.D., by seafaring people from Denmark, Germany and the Netherlands. The seafaring people spoke a number of languages. However, these languages were quite similar to each other. In some time, the people from Denmark, Germany and the Netherlands settled down in England. Their languages mixed with each other and gradually became one language. This language began to develop its own features by 600 A.D. it had developed into what we call Old English. People from most parts of England started to use this language. The English that we use now has taken several hundred years to grow from Old English.

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